New illnesses, like those recently caused by novel coronavirus in China, can lead to a lot of media attention. This coverage can make the risks seem close-to-home and severe for everyone, even with the World Health Organization stating there’s currently no cause for global concern.
On the other hand, the CDC reported that influenza (the flu), caused more than 61,000 deaths here in the U.S. last flu season.
So, we asked Dr. Suzanne Corrington, a medical director for BlueCross BlueShield of Tennessee, to tell us what we need to know about novel coronavirus, now that the first case has been reported in the U.S.
WT: What is it?
Dr. Corrington: To understand what 2019 novel coronavirus is, it’s important to remember that infections are usually caused by one of 3 things: bacteria, viruses or fungi. Viral infections are extremely common, causing illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases. Common families of viruses include:
- Rhinoviruses, which are usually most active in spring, summer, and early fall.
- Coronaviruses, which typically strike during fall, winter and early spring.
A novel coronavirus is simply a new strain that has not been previously seen in humans, and this one in particular has caused more severe symptoms than usual.
WT: What are the symptoms?
Dr. Corrington: There are still a lot of unknowns about this virus, but we do know that symptoms include cough, sneezing, body aches, and runny nose. You should contact your health care provider if you experience these symptoms, especially if you suffer from other health issues. According to the WHO, most of the people in China who have died had underlying health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes or cardiovascular disease that weakened their immune systems.
WT: How is it transmitted?
Dr. Corrington: Most of us have had many infections caused by coronavirus throughout our lives. They can be transmitted by air (cough or sneeze), close contact, or touching contaminated objects and then touching our face around the eyes and nose. So far the WHO reports the human-to-human transmission in China appears limited to family groups and health workers caring for infected patients.
WT: Are there any confirmed cases in the U.S. or Tennessee?
Dr. Corrington: While the situation continues to develop, there have been confirmed cases in the U.S. for travelers returning from China. Other travelers are also being tested, including a student at Tennessee Tech. There are travel precautions currently in place.
WT: What’s the best protection? Is there a vaccine?
Dr. Corrington: While we’re fortunate to have a vaccine for the flu, there isn’t one for novel coronavirus at this time. The best way to protect yourself from infection with a virus of any type is good hygiene:
- Wash your hands often using soap and water (or use hand sanitizer)
- Wear a mask when traveling, and
- Avoid close contact with people who appear to be ill.
WT: Where can people go to stay updated?
Dr. Corrington: While the novel coronavirus that originated in China doesn’t appear to be a health emergency in the U.S., the CDC continues to monitor the situation. Consider going directly to these organization’s websites for the most up-to-date information:
- Global: World Health Organization (WHO)
- National: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- Tennessee: Department of Health
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